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Double Eyelid Surgery: What You Need to Know

Double eyelid surgery, also known as upper blepharoplasty, is a procedure that creates or enhances an upper eyelid crease. This is commonly performed to improve the appearance of the eyes by making them appear more open and defined.

It can also address functional concerns such as drooping eyelids that obstruct vision. The procedure is customised to suit each individual’s anatomy and aesthetic goals, providing natural-looking results that harmonise with the rest of the face.

Candidates for Double Eyelid Surgery and its Benefits

Double eyelid surgery is suitable for individuals who:

  • Lack a visible upper eyelid crease and wish to create one.
  • Have asymmetrical creases they want to correct.
  • Experience drooping eyelids that interfere with vision.
  • Seek a more refined and open upper eyelid appearance.

Benefits include:

  • A defined upper eyelid crease for a more structured and refreshed appearance.
  • Improved symmetry between the eyes, enhancing facial balance.
  • Functional improvement by addressing sagging eyelids that obstruct vision.
  • Enhanced aesthetic options, such as easier makeup application.
  • Natural results that integrate seamlessly with individual features.

Double Eyelid Surgery Techniques

Double eyelid surgery modifies the upper eyelid to create a visible crease. It is performed using one of three primary techniques, each tailored to the individual’s anatomy and preferences.

Incisional Method
This approach involves making an incision along the desired crease line. Excess skin, fat, or tissue is removed, and the crease is permanently formed by securing it with sutures. This technique is suitable for those with heavier eyelids or excess skin, as it follows for more comprehensive reshaping and lasting results.

Non-Incisional (Suture)
In this method, sutures are strategically placed through small punctures in the eyelid to create a crease. It does not involve cutting the skin, making it less invasive with a quicker recovery period. This is best suited for individuals with thin skin and minimal excess fat or tissue.

Partial-Incision Method
Combining features of the incisional and non-incisional techniques, this method involves making small incisions to remove limited tissue while also using sutures to create the crease. It offers a balance between durability and minimal invasiveness.

The choice of technique depends on factors such as eyelid thickness, skin laxity, and desired outcomes.

The Procedure: What to Expect

Consultation
The process begins with a thorough consultation. The surgeon evaluates the individual’s eyelid anatomy, skin quality, and overall facial structure. This includes discussing desired outcomes and determining the most suitable technique. Tools like digital simulations or reference photos may be used to provide a clear visualisation of expected results.

Anaesthesia Administration
Double eyelid surgery is usually performed under local anaesthesia with or without sedation. In some cases, general anaesthesia may be used, particularly for individuals undergoing combined procedures or those with specific medical needs.

Surgical Process
The surgical process for double eyelid surgery depends on the technique. The incisional method involves creating an incision to remove excess skin or fat and secure the crease with sutures. 

The non-incisional method uses sutures threaded through small punctures to form a crease without cutting the skin. The partial-incision method combines small incisions with sutures, balancing durability and minimal scarring. Each approach is tailored to the individual’s needs.

Securing the Crease and Final Steps
After forming the crease, the surgeon secures it using sutures specific to the chosen method. In the incisional method, sutures are placed along the incision, while in the non-incisional method, they are tied through small punctures. The partial-incision method combines small incisions with sutures for added stability. A light dressing or ointment is applied, and patients receive recovery instructions and follow-up schedules.

The procedure typically lasts one to two hours, depending on the technique and complexity.

Recovery after Double Eyelid Surgery

Recovery varies depending on the technique used, but the general process is as follows:

First Week: Swelling and bruising are most noticeable during this period. Cold compresses can help reduce swelling, and the eyelid area should be kept clean and dry. The stitches are usually removed after 5–7 days for incisional methods.

Two to Four Weeks: Swelling continues to subside and the new crease becomes more defined. Most daily activities can be resumed, although heavy physical exertion and makeup application should still be avoided.

Several Months: Full healing occurs over several months, with the crease settling into its final position. During this time, the appearance of the eyelid becomes increasingly natural.

Patients are advised to follow post-operative care instructions provided by their surgeon, which may include applying prescribed ointments, avoiding direct sunlight, and attending follow-up appointments to monitor healing.

How long do the results last?

The longevity of results depends on the technique chosen and individual factors.

Incisional Method: Results are typically permanent as the crease is secured through structural changes in the eyelid.

Non-Incisional Method: Results may last 5–10 years but can vary depending on factors such as skin elasticity and lifestyle habits.

Partial-Incision Method: Results are generally long-lasting, offering a middle ground between the other two techniques.

Natural ageing and changes in skin elasticity over time can influence the appearance of the eyelid, but the enhancements from surgery remain noticeable for years.

Possible risks and complications

Double eyelid surgery is generally well-tolerated, but potential risks include temporary swelling, bruising, or discomfort, which usually resolve during recovery. Minor asymmetry or uneven creases may occur but can often be adjusted if needed. 

Rare complications include infection, excessive scarring, or numbness around the incision site, while tightness in the eyelid area typically improves over time. Following post-operative care instructions and selecting an experienced surgeon can help minimise these risks.

Conclusion

Double eyelid surgery enhances the appearance and function of the upper eyelids, providing a defined crease that complements an individual’s natural features. The procedure is tailored to achieve results that align with personal preferences and anatomical considerations.

Contact Dr Marco for a consultation to discuss your goals and explore a personalised approach to double eyelid surgery.

Rhinoplasty (Nose Surgery): A Plastic Surgeon’s Guide

Rhinoplasty, or nose surgery, is a procedure that reshapes the nose to enhance its appearance, improve functionality, or both. It can address cosmetic concerns such as size, shape, or symmetry and correct structural issues like a deviated septum or collapsed nasal valves that affect breathing. 

The surgery is tailored to align with each individual’s anatomy and goals, ensuring results that balance aesthetics and functionality while harmonising with other facial features.

Ideal Candidates for Rhinoplasty and Its Benefits

Rhinoplasty is suitable for individuals seeking to enhance the form or function of their nose. Typical candidates include those who:

  • Want to refine the shape, size, or proportions of their nose for improved facial harmony.
  • Wish to correct specific concerns such as a dorsal hump, crooked bridge, wide nostrils, or bulbous tip.
  • Experience breathing difficulties caused by structural abnormalities, including a deviated septum.
  • Require reconstruction of the nasal structure after trauma or prior surgery.

Benefits include:

  • Enhanced Facial Balance: A reshaped nose improves overall facial harmony by complementing other features.
  • Improved Breathing: Structural corrections restore proper airflow and alleviate nasal obstruction.
  • Increased Confidence: Refining the nose’s appearance can improve self-image and satisfaction.
  • Customised Results: The procedure is adapted to individual preferences and anatomy for natural-looking outcomes.

Rhinoplasty Techniques

Rhinoplasty is performed using two primary approaches, selected based on the complexity of the procedure and the individual’s needs.

Open Rhinoplasty
This method involves a small incision at the columella, the tissue between the nostrils, allowing the skin to be lifted for full visibility of the nasal structure. Open rhinoplasty is preferred for extensive reshaping, addressing significant asymmetry, or correcting deformities.

Closed Rhinoplasty
All incisions are made within the nostrils, leaving no visible scars. This less invasive approach is ideal for minor adjustments or subtle modifications, offering a shorter recovery time compared to open rhinoplasty.

The choice between open and closed rhinoplasty depends on the desired changes, the patient’s nasal anatomy, and whether the focus is cosmetic, functional, or both.

The Rhinoplasty Procedure: What to Expect

Consultation
The process begins with a consultation, during which the surgeon evaluates the nose structure, facial proportions, and any functional concerns. Desired outcomes and the most suitable technique are discussed. Imaging tools or simulations may help visualise expected results.

Anaesthesia Administration
Rhinoplasty is typically performed under general anaesthesia, ensuring comfort throughout the procedure. For less extensive modifications, local anaesthesia with sedation may be sufficient.

Surgical Process

Open Rhinoplasty
A small incision is made at the columella, and the skin is lifted to access the nasal framework. The surgeon reshapes the cartilage and bone to achieve the desired results.

Closed Rhinoplasty
Incisions are made inside the nostrils, allowing adjustments without external scars.

Modifications may include refining the nasal tip, narrowing the nostrils, or correcting functional issues such as a deviated septum.

Closing the Incisions
After reshaping, the surgeon repositions the nasal skin and closes the incisions with fine sutures. Splints or dressings are applied to support the nose during initial healing.

Recovery After Rhinoplasty

Recovery varies by individual and the complexity of the procedure but generally follows these stages.

First Week: Swelling, bruising, and nasal congestion are common. Splints and sutures, if used, are typically removed within 7–10 days. Mild discomfort is managed with prescribed medication.

Weeks Two to Four: Swelling gradually reduces and breathing through the nose improves. Most daily activities can be resumed, but strenuous physical activities or contact sports should be avoided.

Three to Twelve Months: Subtle swelling continues to diminish, and the nose settles into its final shape. Patients are advised to protect the nose from trauma and avoid pressure from glasses resting on the bridge.

Post-operative instructions often include using prescribed ointments, avoiding blowing the nose, and attending follow-up appointments to monitor healing.

How Long Do The Results Last?

The results of rhinoplasty are long-lasting, as the structural changes made during surgery are permanent. While natural ageing or lifestyle factors may subtly alter the nose’s appearance over time, the enhancements achieved typically remain stable. Following recovery guidelines and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help preserve the results.

Possible Risks and Complications

Rhinoplasty is generally well-tolerated, but potential risks include swelling, bruising, and temporary nasal congestion, which usually resolve during recovery. Minor irregularities or asymmetry may occur but can often be corrected. 

Rare complications include infection, excessive scarring, or changes in skin sensation, such as numbness around the incision site. Breathing difficulties may arise if the nasal passages are inadvertently narrowed. Careful planning and adherence to post-operative instructions can reduce these risks.

Conclusion

Rhinoplasty enhances the nose’s appearance and function, creating results that align with individual goals and facial proportions. Whether seeking aesthetic refinement or relief from structural issues, the procedure offers a customised approach to help patients achieve a harmonious and functional nose.

Contact Dr Marco for a detailed consultation and a personalised surgical plan tailored to your needs.

Rhinoplasty Cost in Singapore

Rhinoplasty, commonly referred to as nose surgery, is a cosmetic and functional procedure aimed at reshaping the nose to enhance facial balance or improve breathing. In Singapore, rhinoplasty is sought for various reasons, including aesthetic refinement, correcting structural deformities, or repairing nasal damage from injury.

The cost of rhinoplasty varies widely, influenced by factors such as the complexity of the procedure and the experience of the surgeon.

Factors Influencing Rhinoplasty Costs

The cost of rhinoplasty in Singapore is determined by a variety of factors, including the complexity and customisation of the procedure.

Complexity of the Procedure
The extent of surgical modification affects the cost. Minor adjustments or implant-based procedures are typically less expensive, while surgeries involving extensive reshaping or reconstruction are at the higher end of the price range.

Surgeon’s Experience and Qualifications
Surgeons with specialised training in rhinoplasty may charge higher fees due to their precision, expertise, and consistency in results. Choosing an experienced surgeon helps achieve desired outcomes and minimises risks.

Type of Anaesthesia
The choice between local and general anaesthesia influences costs. General anaesthesia, often required for more invasive procedures, incurs additional fees for the anaesthesiologist and medical support team.

Facility and Operating Room Fees
The quality and location of the medical facility also contribute to the overall cost. Accredited hospitals or clinics with advanced technology may charge more for their services.

Pre- and Post-Operative Care
Costs for consultations, imaging tests, medications, and follow-up appointments add to the total expense. Comprehensive care ensures proper healing and supports the success of the surgery.

Average Cost Breakdown

The cost of rhinoplasty in Singapore varies depending on the type of procedure and complexity involved.

Surgical Rhinoplasty

Simple Implant Rhinoplasty: SGD 3,000 – SGD 5,000
This involves the use of basic implants to improve nose shape and projection.

Hybrid Rhinoplasty: SGD 8,000 – SGD 15,000
A combination of implants and harvested tissue for enhanced results.

Total Autologous Rhinoplasty: SGD 15,000 – SGD 25,000
Comprehensive procedures using the patient’s own tissue, often requiring hospitalisation and advanced surgical techniques.

Non-Surgical Rhinoplasty

Dermal Fillers: SGD 600 – SGD 2,500 per session
This option involves the use of fillers for minor reshaping. It is less invasive and more affordable upfront but requires regular maintenance as results are temporary.

Additional Costs to Consider

Consultation Fees: Typically ranges from SGD 100 – SGD 250 per session, including assessments and treatment planning.

Imaging Tests: Imaging, such as 3D scans or X-rays, may cost SGD 200 – SGD 600 and is often necessary for complex surgical planning.

Post-Treatment Medications: Includes pain relief, antibiotics, and nasal sprays, with costs typically ranging from SGD 50 – SGD 300 depending on the procedure.

Conclusion

Rhinoplasty in Singapore offers a variety of options tailored to individual preferences, whether for aesthetic refinement or functional improvement. Surgical rhinoplasty provides long-lasting, transformative results, while non-surgical alternatives are suitable for those seeking subtle, temporary changes with minimal recovery time. Identifying the factors that influence costs, as well as the associated expenses, helps you make an informed decision about achieving your desired outcome.

Contact Dr Marco for a consultation to explore your options and receive a personalised cost estimate based on your specific needs.

Chin Dermal Filler: A Comprehensive Guide

Chin dermal fillers are a non-surgical treatment designed to enhance the shape, balance, and projection of the chin. This minimally invasive procedure uses injectable fillers to contour the chin, improve symmetry, or add volume to a recessed chin. Tailored to suit individual facial proportions and goals, chin fillers offer immediate results with minimal downtime, providing an effective alternative to surgical chin augmentation.

How Chin Dermal Fillers Work

Chin fillers typically use hyaluronic acid-based injectables or other biocompatible materials. The filler is strategically injected beneath the skin to add volume, contour the chin, or improve its projection. The treatment enhances the overall facial profile by creating a more balanced and defined chin.

Ideal Candidates for Chin Dermal Fillers and Their Benefits

Chin dermal fillers are suitable for individuals seeking to improve the appearance of their chin without surgery. Candidates typically include those who:

  • Desire a more defined or prominent chin to balance their facial features.
  • Have a recessed or under-projected chin.
  • Wish to correct minor asymmetries or irregularities in the chin area.
  • Prefer a temporary, non-surgical solution to evaluate results before considering surgery.
  • Seek a procedure with minimal recovery time.

Benefits include:

  • Enhanced Chin Shape and Definition: Adds volume and structure to create a well-contoured chin.
  • Improved Facial Balance: Refines chin proportions to harmonise with other facial features.
  • Quick and Non-Surgical: Achieves noticeable results without surgery or significant recovery time.
  • Customised Outcomes: Tailored to individual anatomy and aesthetic preferences.
  • Temporary Results: Allows for adjustments or changes as preferences or needs evolve.

Types of Chin Dermal Fillers

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Fillers
Hyaluronic acid fillers are among the most popular choices for chin augmentation due to their versatility and natural-looking results. These fillers are biocompatible, hydrating, and reversible, making them ideal for first-time users. Effects typically last between 6 and 18 months, depending on the specific product and individual metabolism.

Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CaHA) Fillers
Calcium hydroxylapatite fillers provide structure and volume while stimulating natural collagen production. These fillers are denser than hyaluronic acid fillers and are often used for more pronounced augmentation. Results from CaHA fillers usually last 12 to 18 months.

Poly-L-Lactic Acid Fillers
Poly-L-lactic acid fillers work by stimulating the body’s collagen production over time. They are ideal for patients seeking gradual and long-lasting results. While effects may take a few months to fully develop, they can last up to two years with proper maintenance.

Permanent Fillers
Permanent fillers offer long-lasting results for those looking for a more enduring solution. However, these fillers require careful consideration and consultation, as their effects cannot be easily reversed. They are typically recommended for individuals with well-defined and stable aesthetic goals.

The Chin Dermal Filler Procedure: What to Expect

Consultation
The process begins with a consultation, where the practitioner evaluates facial proportions, skin condition, and chin structure. Goals and expectations are discussed, and a personalised treatment plan is developed to achieve the desired outcome.

Preparation
Before the procedure, the treatment area is thoroughly cleaned, and a topical numbing cream may be applied to enhance comfort during the injections.

Injection Process
The practitioner uses a fine needle or cannula to inject the filler into specific areas of the chin. The amount and placement of the filler are carefully controlled to achieve a natural and balanced result. Gentle shaping or massaging may be done to ensure even distribution of the filler.

Duration
The procedure typically takes 20–30 minutes, depending on the complexity and extent of the treatment.

Recovery After Chin Dermal Fillers

Immediately After the Procedure
Mild swelling, redness, or tenderness at the injection site may occur but generally resolve within a few hours to a day. Most patients can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.

First Week
Swelling or minor bruising is common during the first few days after treatment. These effects usually subside gradually, allowing the chin to settle into its new shape. Patients should avoid touching or massaging the treated area unnecessarily to prevent disrupting the filler placement. Vigorous exercise or activities that increase blood flow to the face should also be avoided during this time to minimise swelling and ensure optimal results.

Long-Term Maintenance
Chin filler results are visible immediately after the procedure, but they continue to improve as any residual swelling resolves. To maintain the desired appearance, follow-up treatments can be scheduled as needed. These appointments help ensure that the chin retains its enhanced shape and definition over time.

Possible Risks and Complications

Chin dermal fillers are generally safe when performed by an experienced practitioner. Potential risks include swelling, redness, or mild bruising at the injection site, which typically resolve within a few days. Rare complications, such as uneven results, infection, or temporary numbness, may occur but can be minimised by following post-treatment care instructions.

Conclusion

Chin dermal fillers offer an effective, non-surgical solution for enhancing chin shape, symmetry, and overall facial harmony. With immediate results and minimal recovery time, this treatment is an ideal choice for those seeking subtle yet impactful improvements to their appearance.

Contact Dr Marco for a consultation to explore how chin dermal fillers can help you achieve your aesthetic goals.

Gynaecomastia Surgery: What You Need to Know

Gynaecomastia surgery, or male breast reduction, is a procedure that removes excess fat, glandular tissue, and sometimes skin from the chest to create a flatter, firmer, and more masculine appearance. This surgery is ideal for men experiencing physical discomfort or self-consciousness due to enlarged breasts. Tailored to each individual’s anatomy and goals, it delivers natural-looking results that enhance physical comfort and confidence.

Ideal Candidates for Gynaecomastia Surgery and Its Benefits

This surgery is suitable for men who want to reduce chest size and achieve a more masculine contour. Typical candidates include those who:

  • Experience persistent enlargement of male breasts (gynaecomastia) due to hormonal imbalances, genetics, medication side effects, or weight fluctuations.
  • Feel self-conscious or uncomfortable about their chest appearance.
  • Have attempted non-surgical solutions, such as diet and exercise, without success.
  • Maintain a stable weight and are in good overall health.

Benefits include:

  • Improved Chest Contour: Removes excess tissue to create a flatter, firmer, and more masculine chest.
  • Increased Confidence: Helps men feel more at ease in both social and physical settings.
  • Physical Comfort: Reduces discomfort, irritation, or tightness caused by excess tissue.
  • Customised Results: The surgery is tailored to suit individual anatomy and aesthetic goals, ensuring a natural look.

Techniques for Gynaecomastia Surgery

The approach used depends on the cause and extent of the chest enlargement. The most common techniques are:

Liposuction
This technique is effective for cases where the enlargement is primarily due to fatty tissue. A small incision is made, through which a cannula is inserted to suction out excess fat. Liposuction is minimally invasive and often results in shorter recovery times.

Excision Surgery
When glandular tissue or excess skin is the primary cause, excision is required. This involves making incisions around the areola or other discreet areas to remove glandular tissue and, if necessary, excess skin. Excision is also used when nipple repositioning is required.

Combination of Liposuction and Excision
For many patients, both fatty and glandular tissues are involved. A combination of techniques is employed to achieve a balanced and contoured chest. This approach ensures optimal results for complex cases.

The Gynaecomastia Surgery Procedure: What to Expect

Consultation
The surgeon conducts a detailed evaluation of chest anatomy, medical history, and underlying causes of gynaecomastia. Goals and expectations are discussed, and the surgeon develops a customised surgical plan.

Anaesthesia Administration
The surgery is typically performed under general anaesthesia. For minor corrections, local anaesthesia with sedation may be an option.

Surgical Process
The surgical process varies based on the chosen technique. In liposuction, small incisions are made to insert a cannula, which suctions out excess fat. For excision surgery, incisions are placed around the areola or chest to remove glandular tissue and, if necessary, excess skin.

In cases requiring a combination approach, both techniques are employed to address fatty deposits and glandular tissue, ensuring optimal results for more complex cases.

Closing the Incisions
The surgeon closes the incisions with sutures and applies compression garments to support healing and minimise swelling.

Recovery After Gynaecomastia Surgery

First Week
Swelling, bruising, and mild discomfort are common during the initial recovery period. Compression garments help reduce swelling and provide support. Most non-strenuous activities can be resumed within a few days.

Weeks Two to Four
Swelling continues to subside and light physical activities can be resumed. Patients should avoid heavy lifting, chest-focused exercises, and strenuous activities during this time.

Several Months
The chest contours become more defined as residual swelling resolves. Compression garments may still be recommended to optimise results. Final outcomes are typically visible within a few months.

Patients are advised to follow post-operative instructions, attend follow-up appointments, and keep the surgical site clean.

How Long Do the Results Last?

The results of gynaecomastia surgery are long-lasting, as the removed tissue does not regenerate. However, significant weight gain, hormonal changes, or the use of certain medications can lead to a recurrence of gynaecomastia. Maintaining a stable weight and a healthy lifestyle helps preserve the results.

Possible Risks and Complications

Gynaecomastia surgery is generally well-tolerated, but potential risks include swelling, bruising, and temporary numbness in the chest area, which typically subside during recovery. Rare complications include infection, scarring, fluid accumulation, or changes in nipple sensation.

Some patients may experience minor asymmetry, which can often be corrected with revisions if necessary. Following post-operative care instructions and selecting a skilled surgeon helps minimise risks and supports smooth recovery.

Conclusion

Gynaecomastia surgery provides an effective solution for men seeking a more masculine chest contour. By addressing both physical and emotional concerns, the procedure enhances quality of life and boosts confidence.

Contact Dr Marco for a consultation and a customised surgical plan tailored to your specific needs.

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